#559: Ruling on the Mu`adhin repeating the Takbīr after the Imām in Salāt

QUESTION

” Assalamu Alaikum Mallam! I noticed for some times now that some masjids doesn’t allow their adzans to repeatedly say Allahu Akbar!! Rabbana lakal hamdu during their congregationary prayers. Pls enlight me more about the reason why it was being said before in the salat, and why it is not been saying again. Assalamu Alaikum!”

ANSWER

Wa alaykum Salām Warahmatullāh Wabarakātuh.

Alhamdulillāh.

The ‘Ulamā of the various Schools have agreed that it was permissible that one of the followers behind the Imām raise his voice after the Imām with the Takbīr and the Tasmī’i if the voice of the Imām is not audible enough to be heard by some or all of the people observing Salāt behind him. This is referred to as At-Tablīgh.

The evidence used in this regard is the Hadīth recorded by Imām Al-Bukhāri from Ummu Al-Mu’minīn ‘Ā’ishah – radiyallāhu ‘anha – who said:

“When the Prophet – salallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam – was sick, the sickness by which he passed away, Bilāl came to him to aware him of the time of Salāt. He said: ‘Tell Abū Bakr to lead the Salāt.’ I said: ‘Indeed Abū Bakr is a very tender man. If he takes your position to lead, he would weep profusely and won’t be able to do the recitation.’ He said: ‘Tell Abū Bakr to lead the Salāt’ and I said the same thing. Then the third or fourth time, he said: ‘You are indeed like the women Companions of Yūsuf. Tell Abū Bakr to lead the Salāt.’ So he led the Salāt. Until once the Prophet – salallāhu alayhi wasallam – came out while reclining on the shoulders of two men. It is as though I am seeing as his feet was been unlifted. When Abū Bakr saw him, he declined and stepped back. So he (that is the Rasūl salallahu alayhi wasallam) illustrated to him to lead the Salāt. But Abū Bakr declined. Then the Prophet – salallāhu alayhi wasallam – sat beside him (and led the Salāt) whereas Abū Bakr was raising his voice (after him) that the people may hear the Takbīr.”

Al-Hāfidh Ibn Hajar Al-‘Asqalānī – rahimahullāh – said in the Fat’h:

“And of its benefits is the permissibility of the followers relying on another of the followers who raise the voice after him to follow the Imām whom he isn’t seeing or hearing, or a row in front of him which he can see and which follows the Imām.”

A similar statement was made by Imām An-Nawawī in his Shar’h on Sahih Muslim and Ibn Qudāmah Al-Maqdisī in the Mughnī.

As for observing this Practice of the Tablīgh when there was no need for it, then the ‘Ulamā from the four Madh’habs have ruled that it was not permissible and highly disliked.

Shaykhu Al-Islām Ibn Taymiyyah – rahimahullāh – said:

“It is not legislated to raise the voice with the Takbīr behind the Imām without a need for it. This is a consensus of the Imāms. Indeed Bilāl did not used to observe the Tablīgh behind the Prophet – salallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam – or any other person aside him. Neither did any person observe the Tablīgh behind any of the Khulafā Rāshidīn.”

And there is a position within the Mālikī Madh’hab that holds that whenever the Tablīgh is done without need for it, the Salāt becomes void. This was referred to by Ibn Shās Al-Mālikī and Al-Wansharīsī – Rahimahumullāh. Ibn Taymiyyah also referred to this Mālikī position.

There is no doubt that to hold that the Salāt is void goes without proof and the position of the Majority stands: that it is Makrūh.

We ask Allāh for guidance and for Tawfīq.

Bārakallāhu fīkum
Jazākumullāhu Khayran

29th Rajab, 1439AH

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