689: Ruling on the One who intentionally break His Voluntary Fast
QUESTION:
“Assalamu’alaykum warahmatullah, please I have a question. What is the ruling on someone who intentionally breaks his/her voluntary fast?”
ANSWER:
Wa Alaykum Salām Warahmatullāh Wabarakātuh.
As for the one who intentionally breaks a voluntary fast which he began, then the position upheld by Ash-Shāfi’ī and Ahmad, rahimahumullāh, is that there is nothing on him.
The Noble Companion ‘Abdullah bn ‘Abbās – radiyallāhu ‘anhuma – had said:
(إذا صام الرجل تطوعا ثم شاء أن يقطعه قطعه )
“Whenever a man observes a voluntary fast and then chooses to terminate it, then he may”
Whereas the position upheld by Imām Abū Hanīfah and Imām Mālik is that such a person should compensate for missed day with another day’s fast.
Their proof for this is that once the Mothers of the Believers ‘Aishah and Hafsah were both fasting voluntarily and then terminated their fasts during the day, the Rasūl – salallāhu Alayhi Wasallam – asked them to compensate for it with another day’s fast.
This Hadīth was recorded by Imām Ahmad.
What is more correct of the two positions, and Allāh knows best, is the position upheld by Ash-Shāfi’ī and Ahmad rahimahumullāh and that is because there is nothing in the Hadīth quoted lastly that proves that it was obligatory to compensate with another day’s fast.
Rather it was an indication of what was better.
This is elucidated in detail by An-Nawawī in Al-Majmū’.
Bārakallāhu Fīkum
Jazākumullāhu Khayran.
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