#852: Ruling on Fasting other Voluntary Fast with Siyām Dāwūd
852. QUESTION:
if one gets accustomed to the fast of prophet Daud, is it still ok to fast the 3 white days of every month too.
ANSWER:
Alhamdilillahi!
Know verily, the best voluntary fasting is the siyām Dāwud. This is because it’s the most beloved fasting to Allāh.
In this context, it is reported from ‘Abdullahi Ibn ‘Amr bn Al-‘as Radiyallāhu anhumah who said: the Rasūl salallāhu’alayhi wasallam told me that:
ﺃَﺣَﺐُّ ﺍﻟﺼَّﻼَﺓِ ﺇِﻟَﻰ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪِ ﺻَﻼَﺓُ ﺩَﺍﻭُﺩَ ـ ﻋَﻠَﻴْﻪِ ﺍﻟﺴَّﻼَﻡُ ـ ﻭَﺃَﺣَﺐُّ ﺍﻟﺼِّﻴَﺎﻡِ ﺇِﻟَﻰ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪِ ﺻِﻴَﺎﻡُ ﺩَﺍﻭُﺩَ، ﻭَﻛَﺎﻥَ ﻳَﻨَﺎﻡُ ﻧِﺼْﻒَ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻴْﻞِ ﻭَﻳَﻘُﻮﻡُ ﺛُﻠُﺜَﻪُ ﻭَﻳَﻨَﺎﻡُ ﺳُﺪُﺳَﻪُ، ﻭَﻳَﺼُﻮﻡُ ﻳَﻮْﻣًﺎ ﻭَﻳُﻔْﻄِﺮُ ﻳَﻮْﻣًﺎ.
The most beloved prayer to Allah is that of Dāwūd and the most beloved fasts to Allah are those of Dāwūd. He used to sleep for half of the night and then pray for one third of the night and again sleep for its sixth part and used to fast on alternate days.”
Transmitted by Imām Al-Bukhārī#1131 and Imām Muslim#1159
Ibn Hajar Al-‘asqālānī- Rahimahullāhu- said:
The statement of the prophet that” the most beloved fasts to Allāh are those of Dāwūd” implies its greater value in general (over any other voluntary fasting).
Fat’hul Al-Bārī.
Also, it is highly recommended to fast three days within a month, and it is desirable to fast the Ayyām Al-bīd (the three white days) which are the 13th, 14th and 15th of every month.
It is reported by Abū Hurairah Radiyallāhu anhu who said:
ﺃﻭﺻﺎﻧﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺜﻼﺙ ﻻ ﺃﺩﻋﻬﻦ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺃﻣﻮﺕ ﺻﻮﻡ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻀﺤﻰ ﻭﻧﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺗﺮ.
My closed friend (the Rasūl salallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam) advised me to do three things which I will not give up until I die; fasting three days of each month, praying Salat Al-Duhā and praying witr before going to sleep.
Transmitted by Imām Al-bukhārī and Imām Muslim.
Abū Dharr Radiyallāhu anhu said:
The Rasūl- salallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam- said to me: ” if you fast any part of the month, then fast 13th, 14th and 15th.
Transmitted by At-tirmidhī and An-Nasāī.
That said. Know that the stallion ‘ulama upheld different opinion as regard combining Siyām Dāwūd-‘alayhi sallam-with other voluntary fasting like the three white days fasting, Monday and Thursday fasting.
Some of the ‘ulama upheld its permissibility since each of the voluntary has its specific virtue.
While others upheld that it is disliked to combine siyām Dāwūd with any other voluntary fasting except those that are observed once a year like fasting of ‘Āshūrah and the day of ‘Arafah.
They based their evidence on the aforementioned Hadīth where the Rasūl- salallāhu alayhi wasallam- said: the most beloved fasting is the fasting of Dāwūd- ‘alayhi sallam (alternate fasting).
Here adding other voluntary fasting with siyām Dāwūd will implies going against that which is desirable and beloved. And this is the opinion of Shaykh ‘Abdul’azīz At-tarīfī -Hafidhahullāh- and others.
Thus, apparently, the latter opinion seems more closed to the contents of the Hadīth.
Allāhu A’alām.
Bārakallāhu Fīkum
Jazākumullāhu Khayran.
22nd Safar, 1441AH.
Abu Yahya.
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