#647: Ruling on the One who misses Jumu`ah and its Compensation

QUESTION:

” Assalamua alaykum wa rahmatulLahi wa barokātuh
Please is it true that those at home should wait for those in the Masjid to finish praying the Jum’ah prayer before they could commence theirs at home?
If true please, is it applicable to the sick ones at home?

Assalamu walaykum
Why do people staying at home wait u till those for Congregational prayer(Jumuah) returned back before carrying out theirs??”

ANSWER:

Wa Alaykum Salām Warahmatullāh Wabarakātuh

Alhamdulillāh.

The ‘Ulamā are at an agreement that Salātu Al-Jumu’ah is an Individual Obligation on every Matured Free Male without an exemption. It is not a matter of choice.

Imām Ibn ‘AbdilBarr Al-Mālikī – rahimahullāh – said:

“And the Ulamā are in agreement that the Jumu’a is Obligatory upon every free and matured male who witnessed the Sun’s passing of it’s Zenith in any city among cities while he is not a traveler and of the people of that city.”

There is therefore no excuse for a man, young or elderly to miss the Jumu’ah, as long as he has attained the discerning age.

Then, they are also agreed that it is not obligatory upon women, the old and the sick. For these, they may observe it and may not.

Likewise, they are agreed that whomsoever misses the Jumu’ah because it is not obligatory upon him/her such as women, by way of missing or by virtue of laxity and refusal to attend it must compensate for it by observing the complete Four Raka’āt of Dhuhr.

Imām Ibn Al-Mundhir – rahimahullāh – said in Al-Awsat:

“All of those from whom we preserved (Knowledge) from among the People of Ilm are at a consensus that whomsoever missed the Jumu’ah must observe Four Raka’āt (of Dhuhr)”

Know, may Allāh be merciful to us and to you, that any man, free and of discerning age, who refuses to observe the Jumu’ah without an excusable reason risks the wrath of Allāh and must hasten to seek His forgiveness.

Note that there is no restriction stipulating that people who do not attend the Jumu’ah must wait for those who attended to return home. Rather, those who say that do so because of those that will like to observe Jamā’ah Congregational Dhuhr as they have missed the Jamā’ah, that they may respect the Jumu’ah and not have two congregations at the same time, and that they may not be accused of sowing discord in the Ummah and turning people away from the Jumu’ah. This is why some of the Ulamā disliked that they pray in congregation, and they recommended that they hide to observe their compensational Dhuhr.

That said, you don’t have to wait for them to return before you can observe your Dhuhr.

And Allāh knows best.

Bārakallāhu Fīkum
Jazakumullāhu Khayran

26th Dhul Hijjah 1439A.H

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