Imām Ibn Qudāmah -rahimahullāh-
Said:
The Virtues Of Zuhd as to the Basics of life.
The essential Basics of life are seven: Food, wears, shelters, furniture, marriage, water and position.
1). Food: know that, the Zāhīd only seeks of food that which will keep his body upright and safeguard him from hunger and this depends on his physical needs without the aim of enjoying eating.
In this regard, it was reported from ‘Āishah Radiyallāhu anha that she said to ‘Urwa:
ﺍﺑْﻦَ ﺃُﺧْﺘِﻲ ﺇِﻥْ ﻛُﻨَّﺎ ﻟَﻨَﻨْﻈُﺮُ ﺇِﻟَﻰ ﺍﻟْﻬِﻼَﻝِ ﺛَﻼَﺛَﺔَ ﺃَﻫِﻠَّﺔٍ ﻓِﻲ ﺷَﻬْﺮَﻳْﻦِ، ﻭَﻣَﺎ ﺃُﻭﻗِﺪَﺕْ ﻓِﻲ ﺃَﺑْﻴَﺎﺕِ ﺭَﺳُﻮﻝِ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪِ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﻧَﺎﺭٌ . ﻓَﻘُﻠْﺖُ ﻣَﺎ ﻛَﺎﻥَ ﻳُﻌِﻴﺸُﻜُﻢْ ﻗَﺎﻟَﺖِ ﺍﻷَﺳْﻮَﺩَﺍﻥِ ﺍﻟﺘَّﻤْﺮُ ﻭَﺍﻟْﻤَﺎﺀُ ﺇِﻻَّ ﺃَﻧَّﻪُ ﻗَﺪْ ﻛَﺎﻥَ ﻟِﺮَﺳُﻮﻝِ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪِ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﺟِﻴﺮَﺍﻥٌ ﻣِﻦَ ﺍﻷَﻧْﺼَﺎﺭِ ﻛَﺎﻥَ ﻟَﻬُﻢْ ﻣَﻨَﺎﺋِﺢُ، ﻭَﻛَﺎﻧُﻮﺍ ﻳَﻤْﻨَﺤُﻮﻥَ ﺭَﺳُﻮﻝَ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪِ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﻣِﻦْ ﺃَﺑْﻴَﺎﺗِﻬِﻢْ، ﻓَﻴَﺴْﻘِﻴﻨَﺎﻩُ.
“Oh, the son of my sister! We used to see three crescents in two months, and no fire used to be made in the houses of Allah’s Messenger salallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam.” Urwa said, “What used to sustain you?” Āisha said, “The two black things i.e. dates and water, except that Allah’s Messenger salallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam had neighbors from the Ansar who had some milch she-camels, and they used to give the Prophet Salallāhu’alayhi wasallam some milk from their house, and he used to make us drink it.
Transmitted by Imām Al-Bukhārī#6459.
Some of the Zuhhād used to shun away from high standard food though some people cannot bear that, the Like of Sufyān Ath-thawrī who preferred a quality and standard food and at times, he used to take with him roasted meat on his journey.
In summary, the Zāhīd should go for what will satisfy the necessary needs of his body without seeking pleasure during eating.
However, the necessary food depends on the nature of individuals, some cannot cope with a tough life.
And some may save halal food for their sustainance and this is not out of Zuhd. In this context, it was said that As-Sabti used to work every weekend in order to sustain himself. And also, Dāwud At-Tāī inherited twenty Dīnār, which he later spent within twenty years.
Allāhu A’alam
Bārakāllāhu fīkum.
13th Safar, 1441H.
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